MATLAB POLYSPACE 7 Przewodnik Instalacji

MATLAB®7Desktop Tools and Development Environment

Help for Using MATLAB4Help Browser Overview...4-3About the Help Browser...4-3Opening the HelpBrowser

2 DesktopLayout Options for Page SetupYo u can specify the following layout o ptions. A preview area shows you theeffects of your selections:• Print h

Other Desktop Features3 Repeat for the other element. If y ou did not select Print header onthe Layout pane, you do not need to specify theHeader font

2 DesktopThe toolbar buttons and menu items in the Web Browser are similar to thosefound in the H elp browser display pane. For more information, see

Other Desktop FeaturesFor m ost items, the selected Web page then opens in your default systemWeb browser, for example, Netscape:• The MathWorks Web S

2 Desktopusers. MATLAB Digest, an electronic bulletin consisting of technical n otes,solutions, and timely announcements to the user community, is iss

PreferencesPreferencesIn this section...“Setting Preferences” on page 2-59“Summary of Preferences” on page 2-60“Preferences File — matlab.prf” on page

2 DesktopSummary of PreferencesPreference What You Can SpecifyGeneral Preferences Toolbox path caching, figure window printing, delete functionbehavio

PreferencesPreferences File — matlab.prfPreferences are stored in a p references file, matlab.prf.Typeprefdir in theCommand Window to see the full pat

2 DesktopFonts Preferences for Desktop ToolsIn this section...“Setting Desktop Fonts” on page 2-62“Desktop Code Font and Desktop Text Font” on page 2-

Fonts Preferences for Deskto p ToolsDesktop Code Font and Desktop Text F ontYo u s pecify separate font characteristics for tools that primarily displ

Help Fonts and Colors Preferences ... 4-39Printed Documentation... 4-42About Printed M anuals...

2 Desktopbrowser. M any users prefer that code display in a monospace font to providebetter alignme nt, and prefer a more narrow font style for t ext

Fonts Preferences for Deskto p ToolsDefaultFontSettingsDefault settings are listed in the following table. Note that Lucida Consoleapproximates thefix

2 DesktopFont TypeDefault Characteristics andSample Tools Using Font Type by DefaultDesktop code font Monospaced, Plain, 10 point • Command History• C

Fonts Preferences for Deskto p ToolsCustom Fonts PreferencesIf you do not want to use the current settings for “Desktop Code Font andDesktop Text Font

2 DesktopTo change the font characteristics the selected tool uses, select a different radiobutton. For Custom, you then specify the font characterist

Fonts Preferences for Deskto p ToolsTool Font Type Font CharacteristicsWorkspace Desktop text SansSerif, Plain, 10 pointArray Editor Desktop text Sans

2 DesktopColors Preferences for Desktop ToolsIn this section...“Setting Colors Used in Deskto p Too ls” on page 2-70“Desktop To ol Colors” on page 2-7

Colors Preferences for Desktop ToolsTo set colors for text and the background,clear the Use system colors check boxand then select colors from the pal

2 DesktopDesktop Tool ColorsUse Desktop toolcolors to change the color of the tex t and background inthe desktop tools. ThecolorsalsoapplytotheImportW

Colors Preferences for Desktop ToolsGray Background ColorFor some UNIX platforms, there is a g ray background color for desktop tools,such as the Edit

Creating Plots from the Workspace Browser ... 5-9Opening Variables and Objects for Viewing and Editing.. 5-9Preferences for the Workspace Bro

2 DesktopThe defau lt colors are listed here:• Keywords — Flow c ontrol functions, such asfor and if,aswellasthecontinuation ellipsis (...), are color

Colors Preferences for Desktop ToolsOther ColorsSpecify the colorforHyperlinks, which applies to links in the CommandWindowandHelpbrowser Index pane.

2 DesktopGeneral Preferences for MATLABIn this section...“Setting General Preferences for MATLAB” on page 2-76“Default Behavior of the Delete F unctio

General P references for MATLABThesepreferences apply to all relevant tools in MATLAB.• Toolbox path caching p reference — see “Toolbox Path Caching i

2 Desktop• “MAT-Files Preferences” on page 2-79• “C onfirmation Dialogs Preferences” on page 2-81• C h apter 9, “Source Control Interface”• “Multithre

General P references for MATLABMAT-Files PreferencesThe MAT-file save format sets the default version compatibility optionMATLAB uses when saving MAT-

2 Desktopallow it, w hich is the primary purpose of this option. U sing th is option isequivalent to runningsave -v7.3. This format of the resulting M

General P references for MATLABmight b e more convenient than changing the preference. For example, usesave with the-v6 optio n to en su re com p atib

2 DesktopWhen the con firmation dialog box does appear, it includes a Do not showthis prompt again check box. If y ou se lect the check bo x in the di

General P references for MATLABConfirmation DialogsCheck Box ItemAbout the ConfirmationDialog Box For More InformationPrompt when editing filesthat do

Accessing Source C ontrol Features ... 5-54Preferences for the Current Directory Browser... 5-54Editing and Debugging M-Files6Be

2 DesktopMultithreading PreferencesIf you run MATLAB on a multiple-CPU system (multiproce ssor o r m ultico re),you can use multithreaded computation,

AccessibilityAccessibilityIn this section...“Software Accessibility Support” on p age 2-85“Documentation Accessibility Support” on page 2-86“Assistive

2 DesktopExcept for scopes and real-time data acquisition, the M athWorks s oftwaredoes not use flashing or blinking text, objects, or other elements

AccessibilityThe following product documentation has been modified (as described b elow )to enhance its accessibility f or people using a screen reade

2 Desktop• JAWS 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0 for Windows (screen reader) from Freedom Scientific• Built-in accessibility aids from Microsoft, including the Magni

AccessibilitySetting Up JAWSMake sure that JAWS is installed on your machine. If it is, there is probably ashortcut to it on the Windows desktop.Setti

2 DesktopBe sure to include that semicolon betw een the end of this directory nameand the text that was already there.7 Click OK three t imes.8 If JAW

Accessibility1 Start JAWS.2 Start M ATLAB.JAWS should start talking to you as you select menu items and work with theMATLAB user interface in other wa

2 Desktoppress the arrow keys to move to the command output and use JAWSkeystrokes to read the output.With this preference set, you cannot use arrow k

3Running Functions —Command Window andHistoryIf you have an active Internet connection, you can watch the Working in theDevelopment E nvironment video

Code Folding—Expanding and Collapsing M-FileConstructs... 6-31Split Screen Display... 6-

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryPreferences for the Co mmandWindow (p. 3-40)Specify options for text, display, tabsize, accessibility,

The Command WindowThe Command WindowIn this section...“About the Command Window” on page 3-3“Opening the Command Window” on page 3-3“Command Window Pr

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryCommand Window PromptThe Command Window prompt,>>, is where you enter statements. Forexample, yo

The Command WindowGetting StartedMessage Bar in the CommandWindowJust below the Command Window menu bar is a message bar that includeslinks to a video

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryHelp for Functions” on page 4-49—for more general information on help, seeChapter 4, “Help for Using M

Running Functions and Programs, and Entering VariablesRunning Functions and Programs, and Entering VariablesIn this section...“Running Statements at t

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryDefinition of a Statement. All of the in f ormation yo u type before pressingEnter or Return is known

Running Functions and Programs, and Entering Variablesthe MATLAB current directory or on the MATLAB search path — for details,see “Search Path” on pag

3 Running Functions — Command Window and History!vi yearlystats.minvokes the vi editor for a file na med yearlystats.m. After the externalprogram comp

Running Functions and Programs, and Entering VariablesUNIX System Path and Running UNIX Programs from MATLABTo run a UNIX program from MATLAB if its d

Using Configurations — Running M-Files with InputArguments in the Editor/Debugger... 6-67Create and Run a Configuration for an M-file...

3 Running Functions — Command Window and History3 Save the file.Thematlab file will modify the PATH environment variable, and then startMATLAB.Evaluat

Running Functions and Programs, and Entering VariablesDisplaying Hyperlinks in the Command WindowYou can use MATLABcommandstocreatehyperlinksintheComm

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryRunning MATLAB Functions by HyperlinkUse matlab: to run a specified statement w hen you click a hyperl

Controlling InputControlling InputIn this section...“Case and Space Sensitivity” on page 3-15“Syntax Highlightin g” on page 3-16“Matching Delimiters (

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryNote that if you use the help function, function names are shown in alluppercase, for example,PLOT, so

Controlling InputMatching Delimiters (Parentheses)Yo u can set a preference for MATLAB to notify you about matched a ndunmatched delimiters. For examp

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryEnter Multiple Lines Without Running ThemTo enter multiple lines before running any of them, use Shift

Controlling Inputheaders =Author Last Name, Author First Name, Author Middle InitialMATLAB produces an error when you do not complete the string, a s

3 Running Functions — Command Window and Historyagaintodisplaythenextmostrecentlinethatbeganwithplo,andsoon.Then press Enter or Return to run the line

Controlling Input• “Tab Completion for Properties” on page 3-25Basic Example — Unique CompletionThis example illustrates a basic use for tab completio

Tuning and Managing M-Files7Directory Reports in Current Directory Browser...7-2Accessing and Using D ire ctory Reports...7-2TODO/FIXME

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryThe resulting list of possible completions includes the variable name youcreated,costs_march, but also

Controlling InputNarrowing Completions Shown . You can narrow the list of completionsshownbytypingacharacterandthenpressingTab if the Command Windowpr

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryContinue narrowing the list in the same way. For the above example, type oand press Tab to further nar

Controlling InputFo r example, t ypemystruct.nand press Tab, which completes the entry mystruct.name,wheremystructcontains no other fields that begin

3 Running Functions — Command Window and Historyset(f, 'paperUnits', 'centimeters'because centimeters istheonlypossiblecompletion.

Controlling InputKey orMouseAction forWindowsPreferenceControlKey forMATLABstandard(Emacs)PreferenceKey or MouseAction forMacintoshPreference Operatio

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryKey orMouseAction forWindowsPreferenceControlKey forMATLABstandard(Emacs)PreferenceKey or MouseAction

Controlling InputKey orMouseAction forWindowsPreferenceControlKey forMATLABstandard(Emacs)PreferenceKey or MouseAction forMacintoshPreference Operatio

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryControlling OutputIn this section...“Echoing Execution” on page 3-30“Suppressing Output” on page 3-30“

Controlling Output--more--indicating there is more output to display. Press one of the following keys.KeyActionEnter or ReturnTo advance to the next l

Text Markup for Indented Text, Lists, and Graphics ... 8-14Text Markup for HTML, LaTeX, and TeX Equation OutputTypes...

3 Running Functions — Command Window and History1.3333e+000 1.2345e-006format +++A complete list and description of available formats is in the refere

Controlling OutputPrinting Command Window ContentsTo print the complete contents of the Command Window, select File > Print.To print only a selecti

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistorySearching in the Command WindowIn this section...“Introduction” on page 3-34“Find Dialog Box” on page

Searching in the Command WindowMATLAB beeps when a search for Find Next reaches the end of theCommand Window, or when a search for Find Previous reach

3 Running Functions — Command Window and History4 In the Inc Search field, type the text yo u want to find. For example, lookforBoston.As you type the

Searching in the Command WindowWhen you type the next letter, the first occurrence of the text becomeshighlighted. In the exam ple, w hen y ou add the

3 Running Functions — Command Window and History• When the text is not found, Failing appears in the incremental searchfield. Modify the search term i

Searching in the Command WindowIn the example, enter bO in the Inc Search field and incremental search doesnot fin d any matchin g text.3-39

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryPreferences for the Command WindowIn this section...“Text, Display, Accessibility, and Ta b S ize P re

Preferences for the C ommand WindowText DisplaySpecify the format, that is, how output appears in the Command Window.Numeric format. Specify the outpu

Modifying Styles in the M-Book Template ... 8-47Choosing Loose or Compact Format fo r Noteboo k... 8-48Controlling Numeric Output Format

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryNumeric display. Specify spacing of output in the Command Window. Tosuppress b lank lines, usecompact.

Preferences for the C ommand WindowThis preference setting does not impact the number of lines you can recallwhen you use the up arrow key in the Comm

3 Running Functions — Command Window and History• “Command Window Key Bindings” on page 3-44• “E ditor/Debugger Key Bindings” on page 3-45• “Tab Compl

Preferences for the C ommand WindowMATL AB standa rd (Emacs). Allows you to use the control keys listed in“Keyboard Shortcuts in the Command Wind ow”

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryEnable in Editor/Debugger. Selectthecheckboxtousetabcompletionwhen typing functions in the Editor/D eb

Preferences for the C ommand WindowIf the matching delimiter is not visible on the screen, a pop-up w indow appearsand shows the line containing the m

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryMatch on arrow key. Select the check box if you want to be alerted tomatches and mismatches in pairs o

Command History WindowCommand History WindowIn this section...“Overview” on page 3-49“Viewing Statements in the Command History Window” on page 3-50“U

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryMATLAB provides other options for viewing a history of statements. Seealso the following sections:• “R

Command History WindowUsing Statements from the Comm and HistoryWindowYo u can select entries in the Command History window and then perform thefollow

Undoing the Checkout ... 9-13Additional Source Control A ctions on Windows... 9-14Getting the Late st Version of Files fo

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistorySearching in theCommand History WindowThere are two types of search in the Command History window:• “F

Command History Window2 Type the first letters of the entry you want to find. For example, type my.The Co mmand History window searches backwards and

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryFinding M ultiple Occurrences of the Entry. You can use the up and downarrow keys to search for the ne

Command History WindowTo highlight all instances of the entry, press Ctrl+A. In the example below, allinstances of entries beginning withmy are highli

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryFinding TextSelect Find from the Edit menu to search for specified text using the Finddialog box. Comp

Command History WindowMATLAB beeps when a search for Find Next reaches the end of theCommand History window, or when a search for Find Previous reache

3 Running Functions — Command Window and HistoryTo delete entries in the Command H istory window, first select the entries todelete, using one of thes

Preferences for Comm and HistoryPreferences for Command Histor yIn this section...“Introduction” on page 3-59“Settings” on page 3-59“Saving” on page 3

3 Running Functions — Command Window and Historyone entry for magic(5). If you then run magic(10), the command history filesaves both entries,magic(5)

4Help for Using MATLABThe primary means for getting help is the Help browser, w hich providesdocumentation for all your installed products. O ther for

How to Contact The MathWorkswww.mathworks.comWebcomp.soft-sys.matlab Newsgroupwww.mathworks.com/contact_TS.html Technical [email protected]

Checking Files Out of the Source Control System onUNIX... 9-33Checking Out One or More Files U sing the Curren

4 Help for Using MAT LABHelp Functions (p. 4-44)Use functions to get information,such as help and doc.Getting Pop-Up Help for Functions(p. 4-49)Getpop

Help Browser OverviewHelp Browser OverviewIn this section...“About the Help Browser” on page 4-3“Opening the Help Browser” on page 4-3“Resizing the He

4 Help for Using MAT LABTabs in the Help Navigator pane providedifferent ways to find information.Use the close boxto hide the pane.View documentation

Help Browser OverviewResizing the HelpBrowserTo adjust the relative width of the t wo panes, drag the separator bar b etw eenthem. You can also change

4 Help for Using MAT LAB4-6

Help Browser OverviewTypes of DocumentationThe H elp browser and help f unctions provideaccesstothefollowingtypesof information for all ins talled Mat

4 Help for Using MAT LABIconType ofDocumentation Description and When to UsePrintableDocumentationMost products provide access to the onlinedocumentat

Help Browser Overview• A ccess documentation via your system Web brows er, such as when you arenot running MATLAB or if you prefer your system Web bro

4 Help for Using MAT LABFinding Info rma tion with the Help BrowserIn this section...“Help Navigator” on page 4-10“Contents in the Help Brow ser” on p

Finding Information with the Help BrowserProduct RoadmapWhen you select a product in the Contents pane (any entry with a bookicon), such as MATLAB or

1Startup and ShutdownThis set of topics includes options for customizing the startup and shutdown.Starting MATLAB on WindowsPlatforms (p. 1-2)Ways to

4 Help for Using MAT LAB• Function and block references pages• An inde x of major ex amples in the documentation• The PDF version of the docume nta t

Finding Information with the Help Browseronly applies to the major headings in a document. For pages that begin withlower level headings, the Contents

4 Help for Using MAT LAB1 Click the Ind ex tab.2 Type aword or words in the Enter index term field. As you type, theIndex pane displays matching entri

Finding Information with the Help Browsersensitive. If there is not a matching entry, it displays the page for the letterthat your entry begins with.T

4 Help for Using MAT LAB• For d ifferent but related results, try using the Search for field—fo rinstructions, see “Search Documentation and Demos wit

Finding Information with the Help Browser1 To limit (or extend) the products whose documentation and d emos aresearched, set the product filter.4-17

4 Help for Using MAT LAB2 In the Search for field, type the word or words you want to find and clickGo (or p ress Enter or Return). Some techniques fo

Finding Information with the Help Browserthat contain all sea r ch words, w ith pages containin g a single instance ofeach search word appearing last.

4 Help for Using MAT LABFunction Alternative. From the C ommand Window, use docsearch to openthe Help browser to the Search pane and search for the sp

Finding Information with the Help BrowserFor details, see the docsearch reference page.Wildcards in Search (Partial Word)Yo u can use the wildcard cha

1 Startup and ShutdownStar ting MATLAB on Windows PlatformsIn this section...“Starting MATLAB from the Windows Desktop or a DOS Window” onpage 1-2“Sta

4 Help for Using MAT LABExample Using Boolean Operators in Search. Typeplot* tools NOT time seriesto find all pages that contain the words plot or its

Finding Information with the Help BrowserProblem Tr y These SuggestionsPages are not about searchword, but just mention itTry the Index pane to see mo

4 Help for Using MAT LABProblem Tr y These SuggestionsNo results but you knowthe word should be thereTry variations of the search word by using a wild

Finding Information with the Help BrowserA favorite is implemented as a M ATLAB shortcut, so the dialog box isthe same as for the Shortcut Editor.Favo

4 Help for Using MAT LABViewing Documentation in the Help BrowserIn this section...“About the Display Pane” on page 4-26“BrowsetoOtherPages”onpage4-27

Viewing Documentation in the Help BrowserBrowse to Other PagesUsethearrowbuttonsinthepageandinthetoolbartogotootherpages.4-27

4 Help for Using MAT LABView the next page in a document by clicking the Next page button at thetop or bottom of the page. View the previous page in a

Viewing Documentation in the Help BrowserYo u can change the selection in the Look in field to search for the specifiedtext in other MATLAB desktop to

4 Help for Using MAT LABthem into other tools like the E ditor/D ebugger or Command Window, or intoother applications.View the Page LocationTo vi ew t

Demos in the Help BrowserDemos in the Help BrowserIn this section...“About Demos” on page 4-31“Using Demos” on page 4-32“Adding Your Own Demos” on pag

Starting MATLAB on Windows Platformsassociate with MATLAB. For example, if you accepted the default options,double-clicking an M-file in Windows Explo

4 Help for Using MAT LABUsing DemosTo access demos for the products you have installed,1 Click the Demos tab in the Help Navigator.You can also access

Demos in the Help Browser4 You can then view and run the demo, w ith specific o ptions depending onthe type of demo:4-33

4 Help for Using MAT LAB• For M-file demos, click the Open filename in the Editor link atthe top left. This opens the M-file in the Editor/Debugger. F

Demos in the Help BrowserSearching for DemosYo u can use the Help browser search feature to find demos. Search find wordsin comments or code for M-fil

4 Help for Using MAT LABFunction AlternativeTo open the Demos pane in the Help browser, type demo in the CommandWindow. You can go directly to the dem

Preferences for the Help BrowserPreferences for the Help BrowserIn this section...“Product Filter” on page 4-37“PDF Reader — Specifying Its Location”

4 Help for Using MAT LABExample Using the Product FilterIf you want to perform a search and have many products installed but knowthe information you a

Preferences for the Help BrowserHelp Fonts and Colors PreferencesSet fonts and colors f or the Help browserthesamewayyouwouldforotherdesktop tools. Th

4 Help for Using MAT LAB4-40

Preferences for the Help BrowserUse the same method as you would to specify fonts for any des ktop tool — formore information, see “Fonts Preferences

1 Startup and ShutdownAfter associating a file type with MATLAB, you can open other applicationsusing that file type via the context menu. For example

4 Help for Using MAT LABPrinted DocumentationIn this section...“About Printed Manuals” on page 4-42“Printing a Page from the Help Browser” on page 4-4

Printed DocumentationNote The Help b row ser accesses PDF documentation from the M athWorksWeb site. Therefore, you need Internet access to view or pr

4 Help for Using MAT LABHelp FunctionsIn this section...“About Help Functions” on page 4-44“Summary Table of Help Functions” on page 4-44“View Functio

Help FunctionsFunction DescriptionhelpbrowserOpens the Help browser, the MATLAB interface for accessingdocumentation.helpdeskOpens the Help browser. I

4 Help for Using MAT LABdatabase/setwhich is the set functionforDatabaseToolbox. Clickalinktogotothatset reference page.To directly get the reference

Help FunctionsNote M-file help displayed in the Command Window uses all uppercasecharacters for the function and variable n ames to distinguish them f

4 Help for Using MAT LABhelp database/setCreating M-File Help for Your Own M-FilesYo u can create M-file help for your own M-files and access it using

Getting Pop-Up Help for FunctionsGetting Pop-Up Help for FunctionsMATLAB provides pop-up help for MATLAB functions from both theEditor/Debugger and th

4 Help for Using MAT LAB4-50

Other Forms of HelpOther Forms of HelpIn this section...“Documentation for Other Products” on page 4-51“Product-Specific Help Features” on page 4 -51“

Starting MATLAB on Windows Platformsusing the MATLAB tool associated with that file type. For example, even ifyou associate.mat files with Microsoft A

4 Help for Using MAT LABwho downloads them . To view the files available to download, go tothe MATLAB Central File Exchange page on the MathWorks Web

Other Forms of HelpFirst-time users to the newsgroup shouldreadthenewsgroupFAQ,linkedto from the MATLAB Central page. It is a good practice to try to

4 Help for Using MAT LABProvide FeedbackTo report problems or provide comments or suggestions to The M athWorksabout the documentation, help features,

5Workspace, Search Path,and File OperationsIf you have a n active Internet connection, you can watch the WorkspaceBrowser video demo, the Array Editor

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsMATLAB WorkspaceIn this section...“About the MATLAB Workspace” on page 5-2“Opening the Workspace Browser”

MATLAB WorkspaceOpening the Workspace BrowserTo open the Workspace browser, select Workspace from the Desktop menuin the MATLAB desktop, or typeworksp

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operations• You can select the column on which to sort as well as reverse the sort orderof any column. Click a colu

MATLAB WorkspaceYour variables are:ACMRSc>> whosName Size Bytes Class AttributesA 4x4 128 doubleC 1x3 348 cellM 4x4x24 3072 doubleR 3x4x5 480 do

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsTheworkspacevariablesaresavedundertheMAT-filenameyouspecified.Yo u can also save the workspace variables

MATLAB Workspaceinformation — see “Data Import and Export” in the MATLAB Programmingdocumentation.Loading a Saved Wo rkspace and Impo rting DataTo loa

1 Startup and ShutdownAssume that when you double-click a .mat file in Windows Explorer, it opensin Microsoft Access, but you want the file to open in

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsFunction Alternative. Use whos with the -file option.Changing and Copying Variable NamesTo rename a varia

MATLAB WorkspaceViewing Base andFunction Workspaces Using theStackWhen you run M-files, MATLAB a ssigns each function its own w orkspace,called the fu

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsSome toolboxes allow you to double-click an object in the Workspace brow se rto open a viewer or other to

MATLAB WorkspaceSpecify Maximum Array Size on Which to Compute StatisticsIf you show statistical columns in the Wo rkspace browser, and if you workwit

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsViewing and Editing Workspace Variables with the ArrayEditorIn this section...“About the Array Editor” on

Viewing and Editing Workspace Variables with the Array Editor1 In the Workspace browser, select the variable you want to open. Shift+clickor Ctrl+clic

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsNote The maximum array size that you can open in the Array Editor is notlimited by MATLAB, but is based o

Viewing and Editing Workspace Variables with the Array EditorSimilarly, double-click a cell in a cell array to view and edit its contents. Thefollowin

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsNavigating and Editing Shortcut Keys fo r the ArrayEditorUse the following shortcut keys (sometime s call

Viewing and Editing Workspace Variables with the Array EditorKey ResultTab Move rightWithin a selection, also moves from the lastcolumn to the first c

Starting MATLAB on Macintosh PlatformsStar ting MATLAB on Macintosh PlatformsIn this section...“Starting MATLAB from the Macintosh Desktop” on page 1-

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operationsthe Preferences dialog. For more information, see “Prefere nces for the ArrayEditor” on page 5-22.If you

Viewing and Editing Workspace Variables with the Array EditorExample Copying and Pasting Array ElementsIn this example, two elements are copied but th

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsExample Cutting and Pasting Array ElementsIn this example, the area selected for pasting requires the Arr

Viewing and Editing Workspace Variables with the Array EditorInsert and DeleteintheArrayEditorYo u can insert and delete elements, rows, and columns i

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsTo create a new variable, select a cell, row, or column in the Array Editor,right-click, and from the con

Search PathSearch PathIn this section...“About the Search Path” on page 5-23“How the Search Path Determines W hich Function to U se” on page 5-24“How

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operationsaction so that MATLAB runs the file you want—for more information, see“How the Search Path Determines Whi

Search Path• If you are not sure of the function MATLAB is using, run which for aspecified function and M ATLAB returns the full path to the function.

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsViewing and Setting the Search PathUse the Set Path dialog box to view and modify the MATLAB se arch path

Search Path• “Viewing the Search Path” on page 5-27• “A dding Directories to the Search Path” on page 5-27• “M oving Directories Within the Search Pat

1 Startup and ShutdownStar tup Directory for MATLABIn this section...“What Is the Startup Directory?” on page 1-8“Startup Directory (Folder) on Window

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsThe Browse for Folder dialog box opens.2 In the Browse for Folder dialog box, use the view of your file s

Search Path2 Click one of the Move buttons, such as Move to Top. The order of thedirectories changes.3 To use the newly modified search path in future

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsRestoring the Default Search PathTo restore the default search path, click Default in the Set Path dialog

Search PathCaution Against Saving Files in matlabroot/toolbox. Save any M-filesyou create and any MathWorks supplied M-files that you edit in a direct

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsBy maintaining an un altered pathdef.m in matlabroot/toolbox/local,you avoid inadvertently removin g dire

Search PathRecovering from Problems with the Search PathIf you get unexpected results that are related to the search path, you can tryto correct the p

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operationsa Runrestoredefaultpath; matlabrcThis might run for a few minutes. It sets the search path to include onl

File Management OperationsFile Management OperationsIn this section...“About MATLAB File Operations” on page 5-35“Current D irectory Field” on page 5-

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsTo change the current directory from thisfield,dooneofthefollowing:• In the field, type the path for the

File Management OperationsThe main tasks you perform with the Current Directory browser are• “Viewing and M aking Changes to Directories” on page 5-38

Startup Director y for MATLABStartup Directory on UNIX PlatformsOn UNIX platforms, the default startup directory is the directory youareinonyourUNIXfi

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsViewing and Making Changes to DirectoriesYou can change the current directory, view its contents, add dir

File Management Operations1 Set C:\Climate as your current directory.2 Assume that you want to search the Current Directory for the file n amedstandar

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operations4 Since the standalone directory is not your intended search target, continuetyping additional letters th

File Management OperationsChanging the DisplayTypes of Files. To specify the types of files shown in the Current Directorybrowser, use the View menu.

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsContents. In the Current Directory browser, select a file and then viewinformation about the file in the

File Management OperationsAdding Directories to the MATLAB Search PathFrom the Current Directory browser, you can add directories to t he M ATLABsearc

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operationsgenerates a warning and does not delete my file.m. Instead use the functionform of the syntax:delete(&apo

File Management Operations3 Press the Enter or Return key.The directory is added.Function Alternative. To create a directory, use themkdir function. F

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operationsthe Recycle Bin, select Properties from the context menu, and then, underthe Global tab, select the check

File Management OperationsOpening and Running Files• “Opening Files” on page 5-47• “Running M-Files” on page 5-49Opening FilesYo u can open a file fro

Revision HistoryJune 2004 First printing New for MATLAB 7.0 (Release 14). Formerly part of UsingMATLAB.October 2004 Online only Revised for MATLAB 7.0

1 Startup and ShutdownIn the Start in field, enter the full path to the directory in which you want MATLABto the start. For example, I:\my_matlab_file

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsYou can also import data from a file. Select the file, ri ght-click, and selectImport Data from the conte

File Management OperationsFile Type Extension ActionVariablenoneOpens the numeric or string array namein the Array Editor; open calls openvar.Othercus

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File OperationsTosearchforfilesinoneormoredirectories, or to search for specifie d text infiles, fo llow these instructi

File Management Operations• To search for text within files, type the text in the Find files containingtext field. For example, search forplot. A lter

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operations7 Click a colum n heading to sort the results based on that column. Clickthe column heading again to reve

File Management Operations4 Find Files will not look in any file type in the list whose State check box isselected. It will look in any file type in t

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operations5 Click OK to accept the changes and close the Ed it Skipped FileExtensions dialog box.6 When you click F

File Management OperationsHistoryThe drop-down list in the current directory field shows the history of currentdirectories, that is, the most recently

5 Workspace, Search Path, and File Operations• File type• Fi le size• Last modified date• M -file descriptions (the first comm ent line in the M-file,

6Editing and DebuggingM-FilesMATLAB provides powerful tools for creating, editing, and debugging files,as deta iled here. For information about the MA

Startup Director y for MATLABYou can make multiple shortcuts to start MATLAB, each with its own startupdirectory, and with each startup directoryhavin

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesNavigating in an M-File (p. 6-42)Go to a line number, function,bookmark , back and forward, an dopen a selection.Findin

BeginwithExistingCodeBeginwithExistingCodeIn this section...“Create M-Files from Command Window and History” on page 6-3“Use Existing M-Files and Exam

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesDemos and ExamplesMATLAB and its toolboxes include demonstrationprograms.Youcanviewthecode in the demos and copy it for

Ways to Edit, Evaluate, a nd Debug M-FilesWays to Edit, Evaluate, and D ebug M-FilesThere are several methods for creating, editing, evaluating, and d

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesUse preferences for the Editor/Debugger to set up the editing and debuggingenvironment to best m eet your needs.For inf

Starting, Customizing, and C losing the Editor/DebuggerStar ting, Customizing, and Closing the Editor/DebuggerIn this section...“Starting the Editor/D

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesCreating a New File in the E ditor/DebuggerTocreateanewtextfileintheEditor/Debugger, either click the New M-filebuttono

Starting, Customizing, and C losing the Editor/DebuggerFunction AlternativeType edit in the Command Window to create a new file in theEditor/Debugger.

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesTo make a document in the Editor/Debugger become the current document,click it, or select it from the Window menu or do

Starting, Customizing, and C losing the Editor/DebuggerFile > Preferences > Editor/Debugger and in the Most recently usedfile list,specifytheNum

1 Startup and ShutdownStar tup OptionsIn this section...“About Startup Options” on p age 1-12“Using the Startup File for MATLAB, startup.m” on page 1-

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesClick the + next to Editor/Debugger in the left pane to view all categories ofEditor/Debugger preferences. Select a cat

Starting, Customizing, and C losing the Editor/DebuggerWhen working with files created for C/C ++, Java, and HTML, you can specifysyntax highlighting

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesEntering Statements in the Editor/DebuggerIn this section...“Use Comma nd Window Feature s in the Editor/Debugger” on p

Entering Statements in the Edito r/Debugger• Reverse Case to change the case of each letterThis is useful, for example, when copying syntax from help

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files• “C ommenting in Java and C/C++ Files Using the MATLABEditor/Debugger” on page 6-17• “Commenting in M - File Using A n

Entering Statements in the Edito r/DebuggerCommenting in Java and C/C++ Files Using the MATLABEditor/DebuggerFor Javaand C/C++ files, selecting Text &

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesTo com m ent a contiguous group of lines, type %{ before the first line and%} afterthelastlineyouwanttocomment. Thisisr

Entering Statements in the Edito r/DebuggerCommenting Out Part of a StatementTo comment out the end of a statement in an M-file, put the commentcharac

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesNote that Middle Initial is g r een, which is the syntax highlighting color fora comment.MATLAB continues processing th

Entering Statements in the Edito r/Debuggeras you reach the 75th column, the comment automatically continues on thenext line.Tab Completion in the Edi

Startup OptionsAdding Startup Options for Windows PlatformsYo u can add selected startup options (also called command flags or switchesfor the command

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files• “ Tab Co mpletion for Structures” on page 6-2 5• “Tab Completion for Properties” on page 6-26• “U sing Tab for Spacin

Entering Statements in the Edito r/DebuggerMultiple Possible CompletionsIf there is m ore than one name that starts with the characters you typed, whe

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesYo u can navigate the list of possible completions using up and down arrowkeys, and Page Up and Page Down keys. You can

Entering Statements in the Edito r/DebuggerContinue narrowing the list in the same way. For the above example, type oand press Tab to further narrow t

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesTab Completion for PropertiesComplete property names for figures in the current workspace using tabcompletion, as in th

Entering Statements in the Edito r/DebuggerUsing Tab for SpacingIf the preference for tab completion is selected, and you want to also use theTab key

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesAppearance of an M-File — Making F iles More ReadableIn this section...“Syntax Highlightin g” on page 6-28“Indenting” o

Appearance of an M-File — Making Files More ReadableIndentingAutomatic IndentingYoucansetanindenting preference so that program controlentries are aut

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files(a function within a function) in the Editor/Debugger. For details, see in theonline documentation.Line and Column Numb

Appearance of an M-File — Making Files More ReadableRight-Hand Text LimitBy default, a light red vertical line (rule) appears at column 75 in theEdito

1 Startup and Shutdown... matlab.exe -nosplash -r "results"Startup Options in DOS WindowWhen you start MATLAB in a DOS window, include start

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesCode folding is p articularly useful for improving readability when an M-filecontains numerous subfunctions and you wan

Appearance of an M-File — Making Files More Readable6-33

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesWhen y ou expand a function, but collapse its associated help code, theEditor/Debugger displays all the function code a

Appearance of an M-File — Making Files More Readable6-35

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesTo expand code for a construct that is currently collapsed, do one of thefollowing:• Click the plus sign iconto the lef

Appearance of an M-File — Making Files More Readable6-37

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesCode Folding Behavior and PreferencesBe aware of the following:• You can change the current code folding settings, by s

Appearance of an M-File — Making Files More Readable6-39

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesAdjustthesizeoftheviewsbydragging the splitter. The pointer assumes anarrow shape when it is positioned on the splitter

Appearance of an M-File — Making Files More Readable• Dragthesplittertoanedgeofthewindow.• Double-click the splitter.• Select Window>Split>Scree

Startup OptionsPlatformOption DescriptionUNIX-nodesktopStart MATLAB without bringing up the MATLABdesktop. Use this option to run without an X-window,

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesNavigating in an M-FileIn this section...“Going to a Line N umber” on page 6-42“Going to a Function (Subfunctions and N

Navigating in an M-FileFunctions in the list appear alphabetically by name. To order them by theirposition inthe file, click the Line column heading.

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesTo set a bookmark, position the cursor anywhere in the line and selectGo > Set/Clear Bookmark. A bookmark icon a ppe

Navigating in an M-FileFor example, if you open a file and make changes at lines 3, 9, and 6, useGo > Backto return to line 9, then 3, then 1, and

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesLines Navigated to Using Go BackUse Go > Back and Forward to go to lines you previo us ly edited or navigate dto via

Navigating in an M-FileFeature Examples NotesDebugging n avig ation Lines with breakpointsthat were stopped at whilerunning, and lines steppedtoA line

6 Editing and Debugging M-Filesthe split, Go > Back and Forward do not go to any lines that were visitedin the lower (or right) view.OpeningaSelect

Finding Text in FilesFinding Text in F ilesIn this section...“Finding Text in the Current File” on page 6-49“Finding and Replacing Text in the Current

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesThe search begins at the current cursor position. MATLAB finds the textyou specified and highlights it. To find another

Finding Text in Files3 To save the changes to the file, select Save fro m the File menu.You can repeat this formultiplefiles.Function AlternativeforFi

1 Startup and ShutdownPlatformOption DescriptionAll-nosplashStart MATLAB without displaying the MATLAB splashscreen.All-r "statement"Automat

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files3 In the increm en t al se arch fie ld, ty pe the text you want to find. For example,typeplot.As you type t he first le

Finding Text in Files• If you mistype in the incremental search field, use the backspace key toremove the last letters and make corrections.• A fter f

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesComparing Files — File Comparison ToolIn this section...“What Is the File Comparison Tool?” on page 6-54“Running the Fi

Comparing Files — File Comparison Tool• Tools > Compare Against > Autosave Version to compare the openfile to the Editor/Debugger’s automatic co

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files4 Use features of the File Comparisons tool to work with the results.Increase or Decrease Line Lengths ShownBy default,

Comparing Files — File Comparison Toolvertical ed ges of the window to make it wider. With a na rrower wind ow size, ifthere are more columns shown in

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesAlternative WaystoAccesstheToolThese are additional ways you can access the tool:• From the MATLAB desktop, select Desk

Keyboard Shortcuts in the Edito r/DebuggerKeyboard Shor tcuts in the Editor/DebuggerFollowing is the list of keys that serv e a s shortcuts for using

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesKey or MouseAction forWindowsPreferenceAdditionalControl Keyfor EmacsPreferenceKey or M ouseAction forMacintoshPreferen

Keyboard Shortcuts in the Edito r/DebuggerKey or MouseAction forWindowsPreferenceAdditionalControl Keyfor EmacsPreferenceKey or M ouseAction forMacint

Toolbox Path Caching in MATLABToolbox Path Caching in MATLABIn this section...“About Toolbox Path Caching” o n page 1-17“Using the Cache File Upon Sta

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesSaving, Printing, and Closing Files in the Editor/DebuggerIn this section...“Saving Files” on page 6-62“Printing M -Fil

Saving, Printing, and Closing Files in the Editor/DebuggerNote Save any M-files you create and any M-files from The MathWorksthatyoueditinadirectoryth

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesThere is a preference to Automatically delete autosave files.Withthis preference selected, when you close an M -file in

Saving, Printing, and Closing Files in the Editor/DebuggerIf each file is open in a separate window, close all the files at once using t heClose All D

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesRunning M-Files in the E ditor /Debugg erIn this section...“Running M-Files with No Input Arguments in the E ditor/Debu

Running M-Files in the Editor/DebuggerGeneral Display Options, select the check box for E n able datatips inedit mode.Using Configurations — Running M

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files2 ClickthedownarrowontheRunbuttonintheEditor/Debuggertoolbarand select Edit Configurations forfilename, where filename

Running M-Files in the Editor/Debugger3 In the dialog box, e nter MATLAB statements in the MATLAB expressionarea of the dialog box, specifying what yo

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesThe MATLAB e xpress ion area provides syntax highlighting and showsM-Lint messages, similar to the Editor/Debugger.4 To

Running M-Files in the Editor/Debugger5 You can modify the statements in the MATLAB expression area ofthe dialog box and click Run to see the results

1 Startup and ShutdownWe strongly recommend that you saveanyM-filesyoucreateandanyMathWorks supplied M-files that you edit in a directory that is noti

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesTo run the config uration, select the configuration name. MATLAB runsthe expression you specified in the configuration.

Running M-Files in the Editor/Debugger• S mall value, e.g., 3, for debugging and testing• Realistic value, e.g.,200 or more, for a specific project• R

6 Editing and Debugging M-Filescollatplot_new_test, describe d in “Create and Run a Configuration foran M-file” on page 6-67.For example, renamecollat

Running M-Files in the Editor/Debugger5 Click Done to close the Edit M-File Configurations dialog box.Find Configurations1 Open any M-file in Editor/D

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files3 Type a term in the filter fieldto find an M-file orconfiguration by name.MATLAB displays only those M -files whose na

Running M-Files in the Editor/Debugger4 ExpandtheM-filenametoseeassociatedconfigurationswhosenamescontain the te rm you entered i n the filter field.

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files5 To see the expression in that configuration, select the configuration, orposition the pointer over the name.6 As you

Running M-Files in the Editor/Debugger3 Select the configuration y ou want to delete.4 Click the Removebutton.5 To undo the last d eletion, click the

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesTo reassociate configurations1 In the list of configurati on s (left pane), select the M-file. T he AssociatedM-file di

Running M-Files in the Editor/Debugger4 You mightwant to rename the configurations to be consistent with the newM-file name, or at least to not reflec

Toolbox Path Caching in MATLABFunction AlternativeTo update the cache, userehash toolbox. Toalsoupdatethecachefile,userehash toolboxcache. For more in

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files5 For an M-filenamechange,youmightneedtomodifytheconfiguration statements to run correctly. For this examp l e, modifyt

Running M-Files in the Editor/DebuggerSeeAlso—OtherWaystoRunM-FilesfromtheEditor/Debugger• See “Running an M-File with Breakpoints” on p age 6-111 for

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesFinding Errors, Debugging, and Correcting M-FilesThis section introduces general techniques for finding errors and usin

Finding Errors, Debugging , and Correcting M-FilesTechnique orTo ol Description For More InformationError MessagesWhen you run an M-file with a syntax

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesTechnique orTo ol Description For More InformationOtherDebuggingTechniques•Addkeyboard statements to the M-file —keyboa

M-Lint Code AnalyzerM-Lint Code AnalyzerIn this section...“What Is M -Lint?” on page 6-87“WaystoUseM-Lint”onpage6-87“M-Lint Automatic C ode Analyzer i

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesM-Lint Automatic Code Analyzer in theEditor/DebuggerTo use the M-Lintcontinuous code checking in an M-file in theEditor

M-Lint Code Analyzer2 Open an M-file in the Editor/D ebugg er. This example uses the samplefilelengthofline.m:a Open the example file:6-89

6 Editing and Debugging M-Filesopen(fullfile(matlabroot,'help','techdoc','matlab_env','examples','lengtho

M-Lint Code AnalyzerCurrent cursor positionM-Lint message indicator for all messages in entire file:- Red means errors detected- Orange means warnings

1 Startup and ShutdownAdditional Diagnostics with Toolbox Path CachingTo display information about startup time when you start MATLAB, selectthe Enabl

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files4 Click the M-Lint message indicator to go to the next code fragmentcontaininganM-Lintmessage. Thenextcodefragmentisrel

M-Lint Code Analyzerextraneous and you could delete it. But it might be that you actuallyintended to use the variable, as shown in step 6 of this exam

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesRight-click the highlighted code (for a single-button mouse, use Ctrl+click).The first item in the context menu indicat

M-Lint Code AnalyzerThere is a preference you can set for the color—f or more information, see“Other Colors” on page 2-75.8 You might want to ignore c

6 Editing and Debugging M-Filestemp = diff([data{1}(:) data{2}(:) data{3}(;)]);Multiple messages can represent a single problem or multiple problems.A

M-Lint Code AnalyzerThat single change addressed the issues in all o f the M-Lint messagesfor line 48.Because the change you made removed the only err

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesSuppressing M-Lint Indicators and MessagesDepending on what stage you are at in completing the M-file, you m ightwant t

M-Lint Code AnalyzerThere are a few different ways to suppress the M-Lint indicators andmessages:• “Ignore Only a Specific Instance” on page 6-99• “Di

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesRight-click at an M-Lint underline and select the option instructing M-Lintto ignore only this instance of the message,

M-Lint Code AnalyzerM-Lint adds %#ok for a specific message to theend of a line for which you specified the M-Lint messageshould be suppressed.Disable

Other Startup TopicsOther Startup TopicsIn this section...“Error Log Reporter” on page 1-21“Passing Perl Variables on Startup” on page 1-21“Startup an

6 Editing and Debugging M-Filestxt file. You can reuse the settings for any M-f ile, o r provide the settings fileto another user.To use the saved set

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesDebugging Process and FeaturesIn this section...“Ways to Debug M-Files” on page 6-103“Preparing for Debugging” on page

6 Editing and Debugging M-Filesthatareonthesearchpath.Ifallfilestobeusedareinthesamedirectory,you can instead m ake that directory be the current dire

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesCode for collatz.m.function sequence=collatz(n)% Collatz problem. Generate a sequence of integers resolving to 1% For a

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesTry out collatzplot to see if it w orks correctly. Use a simple input value,for example, 3, and com pare the re sults t

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesSetting BreakpointsSet breakpointstopauseexecutionoftheM-filesoyoucanexaminevalueswhere you think the problem might be.

6 Editing and Debugging M-Filesonly stop at the for statement once. Instead place the breakpoint at the nextline,m=n+1 to stop at each pass through th

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesValid (Red) an d Inv alid (Gray) Breakpoints . Red breakpoints are validstandard breakpoints. If breakpoints are instea

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesBreakpoints are gray for either of these reasons:• Thefilehasnotbeensavedsincechangesweremadetoit. Savethefileto make b

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesSome useful related functions are•dbtype — Lists the M-file with line numbers in the C ommand Window.•dbstatus —Listsbr

1 Startup and Shutdown#!/usr/local/bin/perl$val = 10;system('matlab -r "test(' . ${val} . ')"');2 Invoke the Perl script

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files• The function displayed in the Stack field o n the toolbar changes toreflect the current function (sometimes referred

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesToolbarButtonDebug MenuItem DescriptionFunctionAlternativeStep Execute the current line of theM-file.dbstepStep In Exec

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesExamining ValuesWhile the program is paused, you can view the value of any variable currentlyin the workspace. Ex am in

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesViewing Values as Datatips in the Editor/DebuggerIn the Editor/Debugger, position the pointer to the left of a var iabl

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesCommand Window and M ATLAB displays its current value. For the example,to see the value ofn,typenMATLAB returns the exp

Debugging Process a nd Featuresand the Array Editor opens, showing that n =2asexpected.Evaluating a SelectionSelect a variable or equation in an M -fi

6 Editing and Debugging M-Filescalling function, which automatically runs the rest of the called function andreturns to the next line in the calling f

Debugging Process a nd Featuresprogram is paused, assign a new value to the variable in the CommandWindow, Workspace browser, or Array Editor. Then co

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesDisabling and Enabling Breakpoints. You can disable selectedbreakpoints so the prog ram temporarily ignores them and ru

Debugging Process a nd Featuresdbclear all in collatzplotBreakpoints a re automatically cleared when you• E nd the MATLAB session• Clear the M-file us

Quitting MATLABQuitting MATLABIn this section...“Ways to Quit MATLAB” on page 1-23“Confirm Quitting MATLAB” on page 1-23“Running a Script W hen Quitti

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files1 Endthedebuggingsession. OnewaytodothisistoselectExit DebugMode from the Debug menu.2 In collatzplot.m line 12, change

Debugging Process a nd Features6 Test the function for a slightly larger value of m,suchas6,tobesuretheresults a re s till accurate. To make it easier

6 Editing and Debugging M-Filescollatzplot(6)7 To make debugging easier, you ran collatzplot for a small value of m.Now that you know it works correct

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesThe following figure shows the lengths of the Collatz series for n =1throughn =500.Running Sections in M-Files That Hav

6 Editing and Debugging M-Fileschoose Evaluate Selection from the context menu. You can also use cellmode to do this.Conditional BreakpointsSet condit

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesThe MAT LAB Ed itor conditional breakpoint dialog box opens as shownin this example.2 Type a condition in the dialo g b

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesCopying, Modifying, Disabling, and Clearing ConditionalBreakpointsTo copy a conditional breakpoint, right-click the ico

Debugging Process a nd Featuresthat line and select the action. MATLAB prompts you to specify the exactbreakpoint on which to act in that line.When yo

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files• “Function Alternative for Error Breakpoints” on page 6-132Setting Error BreakpointsTo set error breakpoints, select D

Debugging Process a nd FeaturesErrors. When an error occurs, execution stops, unless the error is in atry...catch block. MATLAB enters debug mode and

1 Startup and ShutdownFor more informatio n , see “Confirm ation Dialogs Pre ferences” on page 2-81.You can also display your own quitting confirmatio

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesMessage Identifier dialog box. An example of an error m essage identifierisMATLAB:UndefinedFunction. Similarly, to obta

Using Cells for Rapid Code Iterati on a nd P ub lishi ng ResultsUsing Cells for Rapid Code Iteration and Publishing ResultsIn this section...“What Are

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesIf you h ave an active Internet connection, you can watch the Rapid CodeIteration Usi n g Cells video demo for an overv

Using Cells for Rapid Code Iterati on a nd P ub lishi ng ResultsDefining CellsCell features operate on ce lls, where a cell is contiguous lines of cod

6 Editing and Debugging M-Fileslines of code you want in a cell and then select Cell > Insert Cell DividersAround Selection.Yo u can define a cell

Using Cells for Rapid Code Iterati on a nd P ub lishi ng ResultsExample — Define CellsThis example defines two cells for a simple M- file called sine_

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files2 Position the cursor at the start of the first line. Select Cell > Insert CellDivider.The Editor/D ebugger inserts%

Using Cells for Rapid Code Iterati on a nd P ub lishi ng ResultsRemoving CellsTo remove a cell, delete one of the percent signs (%) from the line that

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesNavigating Among Cells in an M-FileTo move to the next cell, select Cell > Next Cell.Tomovetothepreviouscell,select

Using Cells for Rapid Code Iterati on a nd P ub lishi ng ResultsModifying Values in a CellYou can use cell features to modify numbers in a cell, which

Quitting MATLABmake note of what s eems to cause it and look fo r information about it in theMathWorks Bug Reports database.There are some situations

6 Editing and Debugging M-Files2 Assume you want to produce a smoother curve. Use more values for x in0:1:6*pi. Position the cursor in line 4, next to

Using Cells for Rapid Code Iterati on a nd P ub lishi ng ResultsThe curve is smooth, but becaus e there are m ore values, pro cessing time isslower. I

6 Editing and Debugging M-FilesMATLAB updates the figure.Using Cells in Function M-FilesYou can define an d evaluate cells in f unction M - fi les as

7Tuning and ManagingM-FilesThis set of tools provides useful information about the M-files in a directorythat can help you re fine the files and impro

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesDirector y Repor ts in Current Directory BrowserIn this section...“Accessing and Using Directory Reports” on page 7-2“TOD

Directory Rep orts in Current Directory BrowserThe report you selected appears as an HTML document in the MATLAB WebBrowser:• In a report,clickafilena

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesTODO/FIXME ReportThe TODO/FIXME Report shows M-files that contain text strings youincluded as notestoyourself,suchasTODO.

Directory Rep orts in Current Directory Browser7-5

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesHelp ReportThe Help Report presents a summary view of the help compo ne nt ofyour M-files. InMATLAB, the M -file help com

Directory Rep orts in Current Directory BrowserShow SubfunctionsWithShow subfunctions selected, the Help Report displays helpinformation for all subfu

1 Startup and Shutdown1-26

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesDescriptionWith Description selected, the Help Report displays the first lin e of help inthe M-file. If the first comment

Directory Rep orts in Current Directory BrowserThe report looks for a line in the M-file help that begins w ith the string Seealso. If the report does

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesTo access this report, follow the instructions in “Accessing and Using DirectoryReports” on page 7-2.If there is noConten

Directory Rep orts in Current Directory BrowserUse the link s displaye d for each line, or edit the Contents.m file directly, oredittheM-filestomaketh

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesIf you always want the Contents.m file to reflect all files in the directory,you can automatically generate a newContents

Directory Rep orts in Current Directory BrowserFiles Not In Contents.m. This message appears when a file in the directoryis not inContents.m. These me

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesThe Dependency Report is similar to running the depfun function, althoughthe two do not provide the exact same results. F

Directory Rep orts in Current Directory BrowserCoverage ReportRun the Coverage Report after you run the Profiler to identify how much of afileranwheni

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesM-Lint Code Check ReportIn this section...“Running the M-Lint Code Check Directory Report” on page 7-16“Making Changes Ba

M-Lint Code Check ReportClick a line numberto open theM-file in theEditor/Debuggerat the line.Line number andmessagedescribing apotential problemor im

2DesktopIf you have an active Internet connection, you can watch the Working inthe Development Environment video demo for an o ve rview of the majorfu

7 Tuning and Managing M-Files• M-Lint does not provide perfect information about every situation andin some cases, you might not want to make any chan

M-Lint Code Check Report• Use the Help browser Search and Index panes to find documentationabout terms presented in the M-Lint messages.Other techniqu

7 Tuning and Managing M-Files7-20

M-Lint Code Check ReportMessages and Resulting Changes for the lengthofline Example. Thefollowing table describes each message and demonstrates a way

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesMessage — Code (Original Line Numbers)Explanation and Updated Code (NewLine Numbers)24: 'notline' might be grow

M-Lint Code Check ReportMessage — Code (Original Line Numbers)Explanation and Updated Code (NewLine Numbers)34: 'data' might be growing insi

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesMessage — Code (Original Line Numbers)Explanation and Updated Code (NewLine Numbers)42: 'data' might be growing

M-Lint Code Check ReportMessage — Code (Original Line Numbers)Explanation and Updated Code (NewLine Numbers)49: Terminate statement with semicolonto s

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesUpdated M-Lint CodeCheck Report aftermaking changes tothe lenghtofline filebased on M-Lintmessages. Now, nomessagesare re

Profiling fo r Improving PerformanceProfiling for Improving PerformanceIn this section...“What Is Profiling?” on page 7-27“Profiling Proces s and Guid

2 DesktopFonts Preferences for Des kto p Tools(p. 2-62)Use desktop font preferences tospecify the font characteristics forMATLAB desktop tools.Colors

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesProfiling Process and GuidelinesHere is a general process you can follow to use the Profiler to improveperformance in you

Profiling fo r Improving PerformanceUsing Profiling as a Debugging ToolThe Profiler is a useful tool for isolating problems in your M -f il es.For exa

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesFor information about the reports generated by the Profiler, see “ProfileSummary Report” on page 7-33 and “Profile Detail

Profiling fo r Improving PerformanceTo profile an M-file or a line of code, follow these steps:1 In the Ru n this code field in the Profiler, type the

7 Tuning and Managing M-Files2 Click Start Profiling (or p ress Enter after typing the statement).While the Profiler is running, the Profile time indi

Profiling fo r Improving Performance2 Start the graphical user interface. (If you d o not want to include its startupprocess in the profile, do not cl

7 Tuning and Managing M-Filesorder by the amount of time they took to process. To sort the functionsalphabetically, click the Function Name link at th

Profiling fo r Improving PerformanceProfile Detail ReportThe Profile Detail report shows profiling results for a selected function thatwas called duri

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesControlling the Contents of theDetail Report Display (p. 7-36)Customize display to include onlysections you are intereste

Profiling fo r Improving Performance7-37

Overview of the DesktopOver view of th e DesktopIn this section...“About the Desktop” on page 2-3“Summary of Desktop Tools” on page 2-5About the Deskt

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesProfile Detail Report HeaderThe detail report header includes the name of the function that was profiled,the number of ti

Profiling fo r Improving PerformanceNote that this was not selected in the example. Click a line n umber to viewthat line of code in the sou rce listi

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesM-Lint ResultsTo include the M-Lint results section in the detail report display, selectthe Show M-Lint results check box

Profiling fo r Improving PerformanceFunction ListingTo include the Function listing s ection in the detail report display, selectthe Show function lis

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesThe profile FunctionThe Profiler is based on the results returned by the profile function. Thissection describes• “profil

Profiling fo r Improving Performanceprofile Function Syntax SummaryHere is a summary of some of the main forms of profile.Fordetailsaboutthese and oth

7 Tuning and Managing M-Files1 To start profile, type in the Command Windowprofile on2 Execute an M-file. T his example runs the Lotka-Volterra predat

Profiling fo r Improving Performance7 To save the profile report, use the profsave function. This function storesthe profile information in separate H

7 Tuning and Managing M-FilesClockSpeed: 3.0000e+009Name: 'MATLAB'5 The FunctionTable field is an array of structures, where each structurer

Profiling fo r Improving PerformanceIsRecursive: 0PartialData: 07 To view the history data generated by profile,viewtheFunctionHistory,for example,sta

ContentsStartup and Shutdown1Starting MATLABon Windows Pla tfor ms...1-2Starting M ATLAB from the Windows Desktop or a DOSWindow...

2 DesktopView or change thecurrent directory.Move, maximize,minimize or closea window.Enter MATLABstatements at theprompt.Menus change,depending on th

7 Tuning and Managing M-Files7-48

8Publishing ResultsMATLAB provides two different approaches for publishing: using cells andwith the Notebook features for Microsoft Word.Publishing to

8 Publishing ResultsPublishingtoHTML,XML,LaTeX,Word,andPowerPointUsing CellsIn this section...“About Publishing M-Files” on page 8-2“Publishing Script

Publishing to HTML, XML, LaTeX, Word, and PowerPoint Using Cellsthe start of a cell appear as plain text. Comments appearing after code in acell appea

8 Publishing Resultswithin the M-file script, supply a ny input values that you had passed w henyou ran the function.ExampleofPublishingWithoutTextMar

Publishing to HTML, XML, LaTeX, Word, and PowerPoint Using CellsSelect File > Pub lish to HT ML to produce the following result.8-5

8 Publishing ResultsExample of Publishing with Text MarkupThis simple example adds text markup to the sine_wave.m file used in“Example of Publishing W

Publishing to HTML, XML, LaTeX, Word, and PowerPoint Using Cells8-7

8 Publishing Results1 Add a n o verall title and introduction for the published documenta Select Cell > Insert Text Markup > > Document Title

Publishing to HTML, XML, LaTeX, Word, and PowerPoint Using Cellsc Replace the sample equation with the following TeX equation:0 \leq x \leq 6\piThe th

Overview of the DesktopSummary of Desktop ToolsThe following tools are managed by the MATLAB desktop, although not all ofthem appear by default when y

8 Publishing Results8-10

Marking U p Text in Cells for PublishingMarking Up Text in Cells for P ublishingIn this section...“Overview of Text Markup” on page 8-11“Text Markup f

8 Publishing Results• T ype the markup symbols directly in the code. Note that what you type isthe same as the code that results if you instead use th

Marking U p Text in Cells for PublishingFormatHow to ProduceFormat Resulting Code Published Resul tsOveralldocumentheading andintroductorytext1 Positi

8 Publishing ResultsText Markup for Indented Text, Lists, and GraphicsIndented text, lists, and graphics are types of block styles. Block stylescontro

Marking U p Text in Cells for PublishingFormatHow to P roduceFormatResulting Code andExplanation Published ResultsImage1 Position the cursorbeforethel

8 Publishing ResultsFormatHow to P roduceFormatResulting Code andExplanation Published ResultsBulleted list1 Position the cursorbeforethelinewhereyou

Marking U p Text in Cells for PublishingText Markup for HTML, LaTeX, and TeX EquationOutput TypesYo u can specify the output type for a published M-fi

8 Publishing ResultsFormatHow to ProduceFormat Resultin g Code Pu bl ished ResultsHTML markup1 Position the cursorbefore the line whereyou want to add

Marking U p Text in Cells for PublishingFormatHow to ProduceFormat Resultin g Code Pu bl ished ResultsLaTeX markup1 Position the cursorbefore the line

2 DesktopArranging the DesktopIn this section...“Modifying the Desktop Configuration” on page 2-6“Opening and Arrang in g Tools” on page 2-6“Opening a

8 Publishing ResultsText Markup for Bold, Italic, and Monospaced TextFormatsYo u can mark up selected strings in the M-fil e comments so that they a p

Marking U p Text in Cells for PublishingFormat How to Produce Format Resulting Code Published ResultsItalic text Follow these steps to boldexisting te

8 Publishing ResultsText Markup for Inline LinksWhen you specify hypertext links within an M-file, when you publish thedocument the hypertext links be

Marking U p Text in Cells for PublishingFormat How to Produce Format Resulting Code Published ResultsURL ashyperlinkedtext1 Within a comment, position

8 Publishing ResultsPublishing M-Files Using CellsIn this section...“How to Publish an M-File” on page 8-2 4“About Published M-Files” on page 8-25“Mod

Publishing M-Files Using CellsNote Publishing to Microsoft Word and to PowerPoint features are availableonly on Windows systems that have the applicat

8 Publishing ResultsTeX equations are image files as well; in the example, the equation fileissine_wave_eq_eq####.png. MATLAB creates a thumbnail file

Notebook for Publishing to WordNotebook for Publishing to WordIn this section...“Using Notebook to Create an M-book” on page 8-27“See Also Publishing

8 Publishing ResultsCreating or Opening an M-BookCreating an M-Book from MATLABTo create a new M-book from within MATLAB, typenotebookin the Command W

Notebook for Publishing to Word• In Word 2007, Notebook adds the Notebook menu to the Word Add-Instab, as shown in the following illustration. Use thi

Arranging the DesktopTool Action Steps to PerformNavigating amongdesktop toolsThe Window menu displays all ope n desktop tools a nd documents,as well

8 Publishing ResultsMicrosoft product screen shot reprinted with permission from MicrosoftCorporation.Creating an M-Book While Running NotebookWith No

Notebook for Publishing to WordMicrosoft product screen shot reprinted with permission from MicrosoftCorporation.Opening an Existing M-BookYo u can us

8 Publishing ResultsWhen you double-click on an M-book, Microsoft Word opens the M-book andstarts MATLAB if it is not already running. Notebook adds t

Notebook for Publishing to Word3 Selectthefileyouwanttoconvert.4 Click OK.• M icrosoft Word 2007:1 Create a new M-book.2 From the Insert tab, in the T

8 Publishing ResultsEntering MATLABCommands in an M-BookNote A g ood way to learn how to use Notebook is to open the sample M-book,Readme.doc,andtry o

Notebook for Publishing to WordEnsuring Data Consistency in M-BooksAn M-book can be thought of as a sequential record of a MATLAB session.When execute

8 Publishing ResultsDefining MATLAB Commands as Input Cells for NotebookIn this section...“Defining Commands as Input Cells for Notebook” on page 8-36

Defining MATLAB Commands a s Input Cells for NotebookDefining Cell Groups for NotebookYou can col lect several input cells into a single input cell. T

8 Publishing Results• If you select part or all of an output cell but not its input cell, Notebookincludes the input cell in the cell group.When you c

Defining MATLAB Commands a s Input Cells for Notebookthe calc zone. The section break indicators include bold, gray brackets todistinguish them from s

2 DesktopTool Action Steps to PerformGrouping tools together You can group tools so that they overlay each other in the MATLABdesktop. To group tools

8 Publishing Results8-47. W hen you convert an input cell to text, Notebook also converts thecorresponding output cell to text.8-40

Evaluating MATLAB Commands with NotebookEvaluating MATLAB Commands with NotebookIn this section...“Evaluating Input Commands with Notebook” on page 8-

8 Publishing Results3 Specify the input cell to be evaluated by selecting it with the mouse or byplacing the cursor in it. Then select Notebook > E

Evaluating MATLAB Commands with NotebookNote Text or numeric output always comes first, regardless of the order ofthe commands in the group.The illust

8 Publishing Results1 Select the range of cells tha t includes the input cells you want to eval u ate.Yo u can include text that surrounds input cells

Evaluating MATLAB Commands with NotebookThe Notebook Options dialog box opens.2 Select the Stop evaluating on error check box and click OK.Using a Loo

8 Publishing ResultsConverting Output Cells to Text with NotebookYou can convert an output c ell to text by undefining cells. If the output isnumeric

Printing a n d Formatting an M-BookPrinting and F orm atting an M-BookIn this section...“Printing an M-Book” on page 8-47“Modifying Styles in the M-Bo

8 Publishing Resultsshades of gray. To print these cells using black type, you need to modify thecolor of the Input, Output, AutoInit, and Error style

Printing a n d Formatting an M-BookNote Changes you make using the Notebook Options dialog box tak e effectfor output generated after you click OK. To

Arranging the DesktopExample of Documents in the DesktopSome common actions for working with documents in the desktop are• Use the document bar to go

8 Publishing Results1 Select Notebook > Notebook Options.2 In the Notebook Options dialog box, clear the Embed Figures inM-book check box.3 Click O

Printing a n d Formatting an M-BookTo allow graphic output for a cell, re pe at the proce dure. Notebook removesthe(no graph) marker and allows graphi

8 Publishing ResultsAdding White Space Around Graphic Output in NotebookYo u can add w hite space around an embedded figure by moving the boundariesof

Configuring NotebookConfiguring NotebookAfter you install Notebook but before you begin using it, you must configureit. (Notebook is installed as part

8 Publishing ResultsNotebook Feature ReferenceIn this section...“Bring MATLAB to Front” on page 8-54“Define Autoinit Cell” on page 8-55“Define Calc Zo

Notebook Feature ReferenceDefine Autoinit CellDefine AutoInit Cell creates an autoinit cell by converting the currentparagraph, selected text, or inpu

8 Publishing ResultsDefine Input CellDefine Input Cell creates an input cell by converting the current paragraph,selected text, or autoinit ce ll. An

Notebook Feature ReferenceSee AlsoFor more information, see “Evaluating a Calc Zone with Notebook” on page8-44.Evaluate CellEvaluate Cell sends the cu

8 Publishing ResultsSee AlsoFor m ore information, see “Evaluating MATLAB Commands with Notebook”on page 8-41. For information about evaluating the en

Notebook Feature ReferenceResultIf you include text in the selection, Notebook moves it after the cell group.However, if text precedes the first input

2 DesktopUsedocumentbar to go toopendocuments.Click namein title bar togo to opentool.Position documents within thetool using these options.Close, und

8 Publishing ResultsPur ge Selected Output CellsPurge Selected Output Cells deletes all output cells from the currentselection.See AlsoFor more inform

Notebook Feature ReferenceSee AlsoFor information about the Normal style, see “Modifying Style s in the M-BookTemplate” on page 8-47. For information

8 Publishing Results8-62

9Source Control InterfaceThe source control interface provides access to your source control systemfrom MATLAB. Source control systems, also known as

9 Source Control InterfaceTroubleshooting Source ControlProblems on Windows (p. 9-24)Solutions to some co mmon sourcecontrol p roblems.Source Control

Source Control Interface on WindowsSource Control Interface on WindowsIf you use source control systems to manage yo ur file s, you can interfacewith

9 Source Control InterfaceSetting Up the Source Control Interface on WindowsIn this section...“Create Projects in Source Control System” on page 9-4“S

Setting Up the Source Control Interface on WindowsThe following illustration shows the example project in the source controlsystem.To set the working

9 Source Control InterfaceSpecify Source Control System in MATLABIn MATLAB, specify the source control system you want to access. SelectFile > Pref

Setting Up the Source Control Interface on WindowsMATLAB remem be rs preferences between sessions, so you only need toperform this action again when y

Arranging the DesktopSummary of Actions for Arrang ing DocumentsThis table summarizes actions for arranging documents in their tool. Forfurther inform

9 Source Control InterfaceThe following example shows Microsoft Visual SourceSafe.3 In the resulting Name_of_Source_Control_System Login dialog box,pr

Setting Up the Source Control Interface on Windows4 In the resulting Choose project fromName_of_Source_Control_System dialog box, selectthe source con

9 Source Control Interface2 Right-click, and from the context menu, select Source Control > Addto Source Control.3 The resulting Add to source cont

Checking Files Into and Out o f Source Control from MATL AB on WindowsChecking Files Into and Out of Source Control fromMATLAB on WindowsIn this secti

9 Source Control InterfaceCheck Files Out of Source ControlFrom M ATLAB, to che ck out the files you want to mo dify, perform these steps:1 In the Cur

Checking Files Into and Out o f Source Control from MATL AB on WindowsFunction AlternativeThe function alternative is verctrl with the checkout argume

9 Source Control InterfaceAdditional Source Control Actions on WindowsIn this section...“Getting the Latest Version of Files for Viewing or Compiling”

Additional Source Control Actions on Windows2 Right-click, and from the context menu, select Source Control > GetLatest Version.The MATLAB Getlates

9 Source Control Interface3 Click OK.Function AlternativeThe function alternative is verctrl with the remove argument.Showing File HistoryTo show the

Additional Source Control Actions on WindowsA d ialog box, which is specific to your source control system, opens. ForMicrosoft Visual SourceSafe, the

2 DesktopDocument Action OverviewNavigating amongdocumen t s — thedocument barWhen more than one document is open within a to ol, each document iseith

9 Source Control InterfaceThe history presented depends on your source control system. For M icrosoftVisual SourceSafe, the History dialog box opens f

Additional Source Control Actions on Windows2 Right-click, and from the context menu, select SourceControl > Differences.A d ialog box, which is sp

9 Source Control InterfaceFunction AlternativeThe function alternative isverctrl with the showdiff or isdiff argument.Viewing Source Con trol Properti

Additional Source Control Actions on WindowsA dialog box, which is specific to your source control system, opens. Thefollowing example shows the Micro

9 Source Control Interface1 Right-click any directory or file in the MATLAB Current Directory browser2 From the context menu, select Source Control &g

Perfor ming Source Control Actions from the Editor/Debugger, Simulink, or Stateflow o n WindowsPerforming Source Control Actions from theEditor/Debugg

9 Source Control InterfaceTroubleshooting Source Control Problems on WindowsIn this section...“Source C ontrol Error: Provider Not Present or Not Inst

Troubleshooting Sour ce Control Problems on Windowsinstalled on a server for a group to u se, each machine client can run a setupbut is no t required

9 Source Control InterfaceSource Control Interface on UNIXIf you use a source control system to manage your files, y ou can check M-filesand Simulink

SpecifyingtheSourceControlSystemonUNIXSpecifying the Source Control System on UNIXIn this section...“MATLAB Alternative” on page 9-27“Function Alterna

Arranging the DesktopDocument Action OverviewClosing documents To close a document, click the Close box in the document’s title bar.After closing all

9 Source Control InterfaceMATLAB remem be rs preferences between sessions, so you only need toperform this action when you want to access a different

SpecifyingtheSourceControlSystemonUNIXSetting a V iew and Checking Out a Director y withClearCaseonUNIXIf you use ClearCase on a UNIX platform, perfor

9 Source Control InterfaceChecking Files Into the Source Control System o n UNIXIn this section...“Checking In O ne or More Files Using the Current Di

Checking Files Into the Source Contro l S ystem on UNIXThe files are checked into the source control system. If any file containsunsaved changes when

9 Source Control InterfaceFunction AlternativeUse checkin to check files into the source control system. The files can beopen or closed when you usech

Checking Files Out of the Source Control System on UNIXChecking Files Out of the Source Control System on UNIXIn this section...“Checking Out One or M

9 Source Control Interfacec To pre vent others from checking out the f iles while you have themchecked out, select Lock latest version. To check out r

Checking Files Out of the Source Control System on UNIXFor filen, use the com plete p ath and include the file extension.Use theoption argument to• C

9 Source Control InterfaceUndoing the Checkout on UNIXIn this section...“Impact of U ndoing a File Checkout” on page 9-36“Undoing the Checkout for One

Undoing the Checkout on UNIX2 Select File > Source Control > Undo Checkout. MATLAB undoes thechecko ut.Function AlternativeThe undocheckout func

Other Startup Topics ... 1-21Error Log Reporter... 1-21Passing Perl Variables on Startup...

2 DesktopTo use a predefined layout, select Desktop > Desktop Layout,andchooseaconfiguration. See more details in the online documentation.To save

9 Source Control Interface9-38

IndexIndex%comment symbol 6-16create comment 6-17, after functions 3-30; after functions 3-30! function 3-9argument length restrictions 3-10%% 6-135{%

Indexin Help browser 4-24Boolean searching in Help browser 4-21breaking long lines 3-18breaking out of a running program 3-9breakpointsanonymous funct

IndexclearingCommand Window 3-32variables 5-8clicking on multiple item s 2-50clipboard 2-51closingdesktop tools 2-7M-files 6-64MATLAB 1-23code analyze

IndexEditor/Debugger 6-21compressionMAT-files and Fig-Files 2-79conditional breakpoints 6-126configuration managementSee source control system interfa

Indexdelimitermatching in Editor/Debugger 3-46delimiter matchingpreferences 3-46demosusing 4-31Demossearching 4-16desktopcolor preference s 2-70config

Indexarranging documents 6-11closing 6-13closing files 6 -64description 6-7example 6-104go tobookmark 6-43function 6-42line number 6-42horizontal line

Indexfatal error 1-24favorites in Help b rows er 4-24feedback to The MathWorks 4-54Fig-filescompatibility 2-79save options 2-79file exchangefor M-file

Indexembedding in M-book 8-49in M-books 8-49within cell 8-14gray background color in desktop 2-73gray breakpoint icons 6-109gray lines in Editor/Debug

IndexHelp browser 4-13results 4-15tips 4-15initiation (init) file for MATLAB 1-12inline linkswithin cell 8-22inputto MATLAB in Command Window 3-3input

Examples of Desktop ArrangementsExamples of Desktop ArrangementsIn this section...“About These Examples” on page 2-16“Tool Outside of Desktop and Othe

Indexline wrapping 3-42lines (gray) Editor/Debugger 6-136linksCommand Window 3-13in Help browser 4-28listswithin cell 8-14load 5-7locking files on che

IndexMAT-filescompatibility 2-79compression options 2-79creating 5-5defined 5-5loading 5-7preferences 2-79starting MATLAB from 1-2view without loading

Indexoutput 3-31preferences 3-41O%#ok indicator to suppress M-Lint message 7-17open 5-48opening filesCurrent Directory browser 5-47openvar 5-14operati

IndexCommand History window contents 3-57Command Window contents 3-33documentation 4-42help 4-42M-files 6-64printing an M-bookcell markers 8-47color 8

IndexSsavefunction 5-6savingautomatically in Editor/Debugger 6-63M-files 6-62MAT-filespreferences 2-79workspace upon quitting 1-24screen reader 2-87sc

Indexsource control on UNIX p latform sgetting files 9-33locking files 9-33source control system interface 9-1UNIX platforms 9-26preferences 9-27selec

Indexstyles in M-bookmodifying 8-47subfunctiondisplayed in Editor/D ebugger status bar 6-31subfunctionsgoing to in M-file 6-42suggestions to The MathW

IndexUUNC (Universal Naming Convention)pathname 7-3uncomment 6-16Undefine Cells 8-60undoin desktop 2-51in Editor 6-15undocking tools from d esktop 2-7

Indexopening 5-7protecting integrity 8-34saving 5-5tool 5-2viewing 5-3viewing during execution 6-114Workspace browserdescription 5-2plotting variables

2 DesktopAbout These ExamplesScan the illustrations in the following examples for a desktop arrangementsimilar to what you want, and then follow the b

Examples of Desktop ArrangementsHelp browser is undocked from desktop to providea large area for viewing documentation when needed.Four tools in the d

2 DesktopMaximized Tool in Desktop ExampleThis example shows a way you can temporarily increase the size of a tool sothat it occupiesthe entire area o

Examples of Desktop ArrangementsMaximized, the Command Window now occupies the full desktop area.Restoring the Command Window returns it to its origin

2 DesktopMinimized Toolsin Desktop ExampleMinimize a tool inthedesktoptogivetheremainingdesktoptoolsmorespacein the desktop. Minimizing is available o

Examples of Desktop ArrangementsWhen minimized, a tool, such as the Command Window in this example,is represented by a button on the desktop border.Th

2 DesktopHover over or click the button for a minimized tool to temporarily view or use the tool.The tool is temporarily displayed until you select an

Examples of Desktop ArrangementsOn the button for a minimized tool, right-click, and from the context menu,select Restore.The tool resumes the size an

Examples of Useful Shortcuts ... 2-32Creating Shortcuts... 2-33Running Shortcuts...

2 DesktopTiled Documentsin Desktop ExampleWhenyouopenadocument (for ex ample, an M-file), it also opens the tool (forexample, the Editor/Debugger) if

Examples of Desktop ArrangementsThe shortcuts toolbar is hidden.The document bar is at the topedge of the Editor/Debugger.Select a button from the lis

2 DesktopNo Empty Document Tiles ExampleToseemorethantwo documents a t once, select the T ile button and move thepointer across the gird that appears

Examples of Desktop ArrangementsMaximized Documents Outside of the DesktopExampleThis example illus trates a way to provide a la rge area for multiple

2 Desktop• A ccess any document in the Editor/Debugger using the document bar.To show the document b ar on the left side of the Edito r/Debugger,selec

Examples of Desktop ArrangementsDock figures in the desktop and use the float option to arrange them within a Figures group.The document bar is hidden

2 DesktopUndocked Tools and Documents ExampleYou can use toolsand documents outside of the desktop. One way toachieve this is to first undock the to o

Examples of Desktop Arrangements2-31

2 DesktopShor tcuts for MATLAB — Easily Run a Group of StatementsIn this section...“What Is a Shortcut?” on page 2-32“Examples of Useful Shortcuts” on

Shortcuts for MATLAB — Easily Run a Group of Statementscreate a shortcut for even a single function they use frequently, such asclc to clear the Comma

Syntax Highlighting Colors ... 2-73Other Colors... 2-75See Also...

2 Desktopthe Editor/Debugger preferences for ke y bindings, colors, and fonts.Note that if you copy the stateme nts from the Command Window, theprompt

Shortcuts for MATLAB — Easily Run a Group of StatementsFor more informa ti on on the options in the Shortcut E di tor dialog box, clickthe Help button

2 Desktop1 Select statemen ts from the C ommand History windo w, the C ommandWindow, or an M-file.2 Drag the selection to the desktop Shortcuts toolba

Shortcuts for MATLAB — Easily Run a Group of Statements4 Click the icon on the Shortcuts toolbar to run the shortcut. You can alsorun the shortcut fro

2 DesktopWhen y ou move the mouse ove r a shortcut icon , its label appears as a tooltip.To make la bels display in the toolbar, righ t- click the too

Shortcuts for MATLAB — Easily Run a Group of StatementsChanges take effect immediately.3 Click Close.For more information about using the Shortcuts Or

2 DesktopKeyboard Shor tcutsIn this section...“Keyboard Shortcuts (Accelerators or Hot Keys) and Mnemonics” on page2-40“Go To First Letter (Type Ahead

Keyboard ShortcutsWindows 2000, go to Display Control Panel, select Effects, and clear theitem Hide keyboard navigation indicators until I use the Alt

2 DesktopKey ResultCtrl+Shift+Tab Moves to the prev ious open tool or group of tabbed tools in the desktop.Ctrl+Page Down Moves to the next tool withi

Keyboard Shortcuts2-43

Cut,Copy,Paste,andUndoFeatures ... 3-17Enter Multiple Lines Without Running Them... 3-18Entering Multiple Functions in a Line...

2 DesktopOther Desktop FeaturesIn this section...“Start Button for Accessing Tools” on page 2-44“Menus and Context Menus” on page 2-46“Toolbars” on pa

Other Desktop Features2 From the menu and s ubmenu items, select an item to open it. Use the iconsto quickly locate a type of product or tool — see th

2 DesktopIcon Description of Action When OpenedBlock library opens.Document opens in your system Web browser.Customizing the Start ButtonYou can add y

Other Desktop FeaturesToolbarsThe toolbar in the desktop provides easy access to frequently used operations.Position the p ointe r over a button for a

2 DesktopSome tools also h ave their own toolbars, which are located within the tool’sown window. For example, the Current Directory browser has its o

Other Desktop FeaturesStatus BarAlong the bottom of the desktop is the status bar. It displays messages,such as when MATLAB is busy executing statemen

2 DesktopSelecting Multiple ItemsIn many desktop tools, you can select multiple items and then select an actionto perform on all the selected items. S

Other Desktop FeaturesCut, Copy, Paste,andMoveYo u can cut and copy a selection from a desktop tool to the clipboard and thenpaste it from theclipboar

2 Desktopcan drag selections from desktop tools to other applications. For example, youcan drag text from the Editor/Debugger to Microsoft Word.Macint

Other Desktop Features• “ Fonts O ptions for Page Setup” on pag e 2- 54Specifying Page Setup OptionsTo specify page setup options, perform these steps